Rails Rspecエラー - 定義されていないメソッド `visit '

Question

私はTDDを初めて使用しています&私はテストでいくつかのRspecエラーを投げます...基本的にはバンドルexec rspec仕様を実行した後に、undefined method 'visit'私の仕様。これらのテストをパスする方法についての助けをいただければ幸いです。ありがとうございます。

Failures: 

1) User pages profile page 
Failure/Error: before { visit user_path(user) } 
NoMethodError: 
    undefined method `visit' for # <RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_2::Nested_1:0x007ffda8049540> 
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:9:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 

2) User pages profile page 
Failure/Error: before { visit user_path(user) } 
NoMethodError: 
    undefined method `visit' for #<RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_2::Nested_1:0x007ffda4f3ac38> 
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:9:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 

3) User pages signup page 
Failure/Error: before { visit signup_path } 
NoMethodError: 
    undefined method `visit' for #<RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_2::Nested_2:0x007ffda8262e58> 
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:16:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 

4) User pages signup page 
Failure/Error: before { visit signup_path } 
NoMethodError: 
    undefined method `visit' for #<RSpec::Core::ExampleGroup::Nested_2::Nested_2:0x007ffda82663c8> 
# ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:16:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 

Finished in 9.08 seconds 
24 examples, 4 failures 

Failed examples: 

rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:11 # User pages profile page 
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:12 # User pages profile page 
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:18 # User pages signup page 
rspec ./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb:19 # User pages signup page 

マイスペック/要求/ user_pages_spec.rb

require 'spec_helper' 

describe "User pages" do 

    subject { page } 

    describe "profile page" do 
    let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) } # Code to make a user variable 
    before { visit user_path(user) } 

    it { should have_selector('h1', text: user.name) } 
    it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) } 
    end 

    describe "signup page" do 
    before { visit signup_path } 

    it { should have_selector('h1', text: 'Sign up') } 
    it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') } 
    end 
end 

そして、私の仕様/モデル/ user_spec.rb

require 'spec_helper' 

describe User do 

before do 
    @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com", 
        password: "foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar") 
end 

subject { @user } 

it { should respond_to(:name) } 
it { should respond_to(:email) } 
it { should respond_to(:password_digest) } 
it { should respond_to(:password) } 
it { should respond_to(:password_confirmation) } 
it { should respond_to(:authenticate) } 

it { should be_valid } 

describe "when name is not present" do 
    before { @user.name = " " } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

describe "when email is not present" do 
    before { @user.email = " " } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

describe "when name is too long" do 
    before { @user.name = "a" * 51 } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

describe "when email format is invalid" do 
    it "should be invalid" do 
    addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo. 
        foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar+baz.com] 
    addresses.each do |invalid_address| 
     @user.email = invalid_address 
     @user.should_not be_valid 
    end  
    end 
end 

describe "when email format is valid" do 
    it "should be valid" do 
    addresses = %w[user@foo.COM A_US-ER@f.b.org frst.lst@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn] 
    addresses.each do |valid_address| 
     @user.email = valid_address 
     @user.should be_valid 
    end  
    end 
end 

describe "when email address is already taken" do 
    before do 
    user_with_same_email = @user.dup 
    user_with_same_email.email = @user.email.upcase 
    user_with_same_email.save 
    end 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

describe "when password is not present" do 
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = " " } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

describe "with a password that's too short" do 
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = "a" * 5 } 
    it { should be_invalid } 
end 

describe "return value of authenticate method" do 
    before { @user.save } 
    let(:found_user) { User.find_by_email(@user.email) } 

    describe "with valid password" do 
    it { should == found_user.authenticate(@user.password) } 
    end 

    describe "with invalid password" do 
    let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") } 

    it { should_not == user_for_invalid_password } 
    specify { user_for_invalid_password.should be_false } 
    end 
end 

describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do 
    before { @user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

describe "when password confirmation is nil" do 
    before { @user.password_confirmation = nil } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
end 

end 

そして最後に、私の見解/ユーザー/ new.html.erb

<% provide(:title, 'Sign up') %> 
<h1>Sign up</h1> 
<p>Find me in app/views/users/new.html.erb</p> 

とviews/users/show.html.erb

<% provide(:title, @user.name) %> 
<h1><%= @user.name %></h1> 

&私がUserController

class UsersController < ApplicationController 
    def new 
    end 

    def show 
    @user = User.find(params[:id]) 
    end 
end 

追加しました

も問題はここにあるビリーのソリューション

Failures: 

1) User pages signup page 
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('title', text: 'Sign up') } 
Capybara::ExpectationNotMet: 
    expected to find css "title" with text "Sign up" but there were no matches. Also found "", which matched the selector but not all filters. 
# ./spec/features/user_pages_spec.rb:19:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 

2) User pages profile page 
Failure/Error: it { should have_selector('title', text: user.name) } 
Capybara::ExpectationNotMet: 
    expected to find css "title" with text "Michael Hartl" but there were no matches. Also found "", which matched the selector but not all filters. 
# ./spec/features/user_pages_spec.rb:12:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>' 

Finished in 9.41 seconds 
24 examples, 2 failures 

Failed examples: 

rspec ./spec/features/user_pages_spec.rb:19 # User pages signup page 
rspec ./spec/features/user_pages_spec.rb:12 # User pages profile page 

Answer 1

ごとに固定した後、この新しいエラーを取得：

./spec/requests/user_pages_spec.rb 

あなたはrequestsフォルダにカピバラ統合テストを入れます。そのため、方法visitは機能しません。

修正するには、すべてのテストをspec/requestsからspec/featuresに移動するだけです。

Answer 2

これは、Capybara::DSLのvisitメソッドを使用しようとしているために発生します。 あなたがdocumentationをチェックした場合：

 
Capybara is no longer supported in 
request specs as of Capybara 2.0.0. The recommended way to use Capybara is 
with feature specs. 

をあなたはspec/featuresフォルダにテストを移動したり、要求仕様のためCapybara::DSLを含める必要があり、この問題を解決するために：

#spec_helper.rb 
RSpec.configure do |config| 
    #... 
    config.include Capybara::DSL, :type => :request